Wednesday, July 31, 2013

Important govt. Schemes

Agriculture
·         National Horticulture Mission
·         National Food Security Mission
·         Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana
Education
·         Sarva Siksha Abhiyan
·         Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBY)
Health, Nutrition
·         Mid-day meal scheme
·         Rajiv Gandhi Drinking Water Mission
·         Total Sanitation Campaign
·         National Rural Health Mission
·         ICDS
Employment/Labour
·         NREGS
·         Programmes for workers in unorganized sector
Urban Development
·         JNNURM
Rural Development
·         Bharat Nirman
Social Assistance
Social Justice and Tribal Welfare
·         Scheduled Tribes and other traditional forest dwellers (Recognition of forest rights) Act, 2006

Major Plans during the 11th plan
·         Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana
·         Bharat Nirman
·         Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme
·         National Food Security Mission
·         MNREGP
·         NRHM
·         SSA


Governments Plan Programme & Policies

Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana

  • For BPL, unorganized sector.
  • Oct 1, 2007.
  • Smart card base Careless insurance cover.
  • Rs 30,000/- per annum per family.
  • Beneficiary would Pay Rs 30/- per annum as registration/renewal fee
  • 75 : 25 Rest of Idia.
  • 90 : 10 for N.E . & J.K

Rajiv Gandhi Shramik Kalyan Yojana

  • 1st April 2005
  • It is an unemployment allowance to the insured person for a period of max 12 month.
  • Also entitled to medical care of his/her family for a period of 12 month.

MNREGA

  • Important by ministry of Rural Development.
  • 2 Feb, 2006.
  • It guarantee wage employment.
  • 33% participation for women.
  • Worker to obtain insurance under Jan Shree Bima Yojana of LIC.

Pradhan Mantri Sadak Yojana

  • On 25th December 2000.
  • 500 person rural and 250 person Hilly, tribal and Desert area.

Bharat Nirman

  • Pop. mome than 1000 in the plain area.
  • 500 or more in hilly and tribal area by 2009.

Indra Awas Yojana

  • Important by ministry of Rural Development, since 1985-86.
  • Provide financial assistant for construction/upgradation of dwelling unit.
  • 35,000/- in plain area, 38,500/- hilly area, 15,000/- upgradation of Kuchha house.
  • 75 : 25 basis.

Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana

  • 1st April 1999.
  • After restruction and merging of Integrated rural development programme.
  • In 2009-2010, It was restructured as National Rural Livelihood mission.

Indra Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme

  • Started from 2009.
  • Rs 200/- per month to BPL, widows in the age group of 40-64 years

Indra Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme

  • Rs 200/- per month
  • BPL person.
  • B/W age group 18-64 years.

National Rural Drinking Water Programme

  • Implying by ministry of Rural Development
  • National Drinking water mission introduced in 1986.
  • 1991- renamed as Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission.

Central Rural Sanitation Programme

  • 1986 – launched
  • Total Sanitation by- 2012. UN sponsored date – 2015.
  • 1999- Total Sanitation Campaign was launched under restructured Central Rural Sanitation programme.
  • It is a demand driven programme.

National Social Assistance Programme

  • In 1995.
  • To lay foundation for social assistance for the poor.
  • Art 41.

Indra Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme

  • Launched in 2007.
  • Rs 200/- per month per beneficiary provide by centre.
  • 60 years and higher of BPL.
  • State were urged to contribute and then Rs. 200.

Annapurna Scheme

  • Introduced in 2000
  • Provide 10 kg of food grain per month free of cost.
  • Given to those person who could not could not cover under National old age pension scheme.

National Family Benefit Scheme

  • Rs 5000/- in case of natural death.
  • Rs 10,000/- in case of accidental death.
  • Provided to the family in case of death of primary bread winner of the family.
  • Primary bread winner- 18 to 64 years of age.

Back ward Regions Grant Fund Programme

  • Launched in Barpeta (Assam) in 2007.
  • To addressing persistent regional imbalances in development.
  • It Sum summer the Rashtiya Sam Vikas Yojana (administrate by Planning Commission)

Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Yojana

  • Implemented by Ministry of Panchayati Raj.
  • Implemented in the non Back ward Regions Grant Fund Programme districts.
  • It provide Training and Capacity building of elected representatives and function of PRI.

Jawahar Lal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission

  • Launched 3rd December 2005.
  • Fast track development of cities.
  • Duration (5) year 2005-2006 to 2011-12.

National Urban Information System

  • Launched 2006.
  • To develop GIS database for 137 towns/cities in the country.
  • It has two components-
    - Urban spatial Information System Scheme 
    - National Urban Databank and Indicators.



JNNURM

·         2005
·         Rs 66000 crore
·         To be implemented over a seven year period from 2005 to 2012
·         Focuses on 65 mission cities
·         Two aspects: improved urban infrastructure and improved urban basic services
·         The  scheme walks on the twin legs of reforms and funds for projects
·         Reform agenda covered four broad areas like governance, citizen-responsive and process oriented, land and property related, and financial
·         Governance Reforms
o   Implementation of the 74th constitutional amendment
o   Transfer of city planning function to the local bodies
o   Administrative as well as structural reforms
o   Encouraging PPP
·         Process-oriented and Citizen-responsive
o   Adoption of double entry system of accounting
o   Introduction of the system of e-governance
o   Enactment of public disclosure and community participation laws
o   Rationalisation of stamp duty to a uniform 5% across the country
·         Land and property-related reforms
o   Reform of property tax – at city level
o   Earmarking at least 20% to 25% of developed land for weaker sections – at city level
o   Amendment of rent control
o   Introduction of property title certification
·         Financial sustainability
o   Levy of reasonable user charges and city-wide property tax coverage and collection
·         Evaluation
o   While moderate implementation of reforms has taken place, many states and cities lag behind in completing milestones
o   While WB, MP, Maha, UP and KL have made good progress, AP, Karnataka and Gujarat lag behind in rent control reforms.
o   Among reforms, community participation legislation, rent control amendment and  transfer of city planning function appear as the most complicated ones for implementation to the states as 18, 15 and 14 states respectively have not been able to meet this reform milestone.
o   Out of the 537 infrastructure projects sanctioned so far for the 65 mission cities, only 81 have got completed so for

Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBY)


Background
·         2004
·         To set up upto 750 residential schools with boarding facilities at elementary level for girls belonging predominantly to the SC, ST, OBC and minorities in difficult areas.
·         The scheme will be coordinated with the existing schemes like SSA, National Programme for Education of Girls at Elementary Level (NPEGEL) and Mahila Samakhya (MS)
Coverage
·         Only in identified Educationally Backward Blocks (EEB) where, as per census data of 2001, the female literacy is below the national average and gender gap in literacy is more than the national average
·         The criteria for eligible will be the same as in the NPEGEL scheme of SSA.
·         Funding – Centre: State 75:25 during the tenth plan and 50:50 thereafter.
Objective
·         Reduce gender disparities
·         Ensure access and quality education to the girls of disadvantaged groups of society by setting up residential schools with boarding facilities at elementary level

Bharat Nirman

·         Bharat Nirman, a programme to build rural infrastructure, was launched  by the Government of India in 2005.
·         Phase II of the programme is being implemented from 2009-10 to 2011-12.
Objectives
·         Drinking Water: Provide safe drinking water to all uncovered habitations by 2012. Implemented by Min of Rural Devt.
·         Housing: Target of 60 lakh additional houses for the poor achieved till 2009. New target of 1.2 crore houses by 2014 adopted. Being implemented through the Indira Awas Yojana programme of Min of Rural Devt.
·         Telecommunication and IT: Achieve 40 pc rural teledensity by the year 2014, ensure broadband coverage to all 2.5 lakh Panchayats and set up Bharat Nirman Seva Kendras at Panchayat level by 2012. Implementing: dept of telecomm., Min of Comm and IT.
·         Roads: Connect all villages that have a population of 1000 (or 500 in hilly/tribal area) with an all weather road by 2012. Imple: Min of Rural Devt through PM Gram Sadak Yojana.
·         Electricity: Reach electricity to all villages and offer electricity connection to 1.75 crore poor households by 2012. Imple: Min of Power through the Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana that was launched in 2005.
·         Irrigation: Bring additional one crore hectare of land under assured irrigation by 2012. Imple: Ministry of Water Resources.

National Horticulture Mission

·         2004, Centrally sponsored scheme.
·         Horticulture sector includes fruit, vegetables, spices, medicinal and aromatic plants, flowers, mushroom and a variety of plantation crops like coconut, arecanut, cashewnut and cocoa.
·         Objectives
o   Double the horticulture production, i.e. to achieve a production of 300 million tonnes by 2011-12
o   To establish convergence and synergy among various on-going and planned programmes in the field of horticulture development
o   To promote the development and dissemination of technologies by blending traditional wisdom and frontier knowledge.
·         It will focus in the areas of horticultural research, development, post harvest management, processing and marketing.
·         Through improved technologies in crop production
·         Post harvest management would include providing suitable infrastructure for handling, transport, storage and markets etc.

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana

·         2007
·         Aims at achieving 4% annual growth in the agriculture sector during the XI plan period by ensuring a holistic development of agriculture and allied sectors.


Planning in India

Planning in India

Plan
Objective/Features
Assessment
First (1951-
56)
Rehabilitation of refugees, rapid agricultural development so as to achieve food self-sufficiency in the shortest possible time and control of inflation
Targets and objectives more or less achieved.
Second (1956-61)
‘rapid industrialisation with particular emphasis on the development of basic and heavy industries’
To give a big push to the economy so that it enters the take-off stage.
Nehru-Mahalanobis model was adopted.
Industrial Policy of 1956 accepted the establishment of a socialistic pattern of society as the goal of economic policy.
Could not be implemented fully due to shortage of foreign exchange. Targets had to be pruned.
Third (1961-66)
‘establishment of a self-reliant and self-generating economy’
Failure. Wars and droughts.
Fourth (1969-74)
‘growth with stability’ and progressive achievement of self-reliance’
Garibi Hatao
Target: 5.5 pc
Was ambitious. Big failure. Achieved growth of 3.5 pc. Inflation.
Fifth (1974-79)
‘removal of poverty and attainment of self-reliance’
High inflation. Was terminated by the Janta govt.
Sixth (1980-85)
‘direct attack on the problem of poverty by creating conditions of an expanding economy’
Most targets achieved. Growth: 5.5 pc
Seventh (1985-1990)
Emphasis on policies and programmes which would accelerate the growth in foodgrains production, increase employment opportunities and raise productivity
Success. Growth: 6 pc
Eighth (1992-97)


Ninth (1997-2002)
Growth with social justice and equality


·         On the eve of independence India was largely a agrarian economy
·         70 pc of the workforce was engaged in agriculture; 50 pc of national income from it.
·         To set India on a high economic growth path it was realised that savings need to be increased and it needs to be translated into investment.
·         Hence, the focus of Indian planning  was to direct public investment in the area of infrastructure, agriculture and industrial development
·         While agriculture and infrastructure received main focus in  the first FYP, industrial development was to preoccupy Indian planning process second plan onwards

·         This was mainly because India was operating as, more or less, a closed economy. In such a situation, the capital goods for production and growth had to be produced indigenously. This was necessary to convert growing savings into investment. In addition, there could have been other considerations like self-reliance and building of defence capability.

Probable Essay Topics for CIVILS SERVICES (MAINS-2013)

http://bhargawp.wordpress.com/2013/07/30/essay-topics/

New CPI to Be Released From 18th of Feberuary

New CPI to Be Released From 18th of Feberuary


            The Central Statistics Office (CSO) of the Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation announced that the new series of Consumer Price Index(CPI)  numbers for Rural, Urban and Combined (Rural +Urban) on base 2010 ( January to December)=100 taking all segments of rural and urban population for the month of January, 2011 will be released by the  Central Statistics Office for the States/UTs and all- India on 18th February, 2011.These indices will be available for five major groups namely Food, beverages and tobacco; Fuel and light; Housing; Clothing, bedding and footwear, and Miscellaneous.

        Present CPI numbers do not encompass all the segments of the population in the country and as such they do not reflect the true picture of the price behavior in the country.  It is therefore necessary to compile a CPI which takes into account the consumption patterns of all segments of the population.

New series of CPI for urban areas

CPI (Urban) numbers are compiled at State/UT as well as at all- India level.  Weighting diagrams (consumption patterns) of the CPI (Urban) have been derived from the results of the NSS 61st round of Consumer Expenditure Survey (2004-05).
                     
        For regular price collection, 310 towns have been selected, which include all State/UT capitals. From each selected town, price data are collected in respect of items consumed by the population of the respective State/UT. In all, 1114 price schedules containing an average of 250 items are canvassed every month. House rent data are also collected from a fixed set of rented dwellings from the selected towns. Prices of items are collected by the field officials of the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO).

New series of CPI for rural areas
CPI (Rural) numbers are compiled at state/UT and all- India levels. Weighting diagrams of the CPI (Rural) have also been derived from the results of the NSS 61st round of Consumer Expenditure Survey (2004-05).

With a view to have a workload within manageable limits and considering the fact that the CPI (Rural) would provide the price changes for the entire rural population of the country, a total of 1181 villages have been selected at all India level. The broad criterion of selection of villages is to have representation of all the districts within State/UT and two villages from each district have been selected randomly from different tehsils. However, to provide adequate representation of the total rural population in some States/UT, allocated number of villages to the states has been increased or decreased on the basis of population of the concerned State/UT. Regular prices are collected by the officials of the Department of Posts. One schedule containing an average of 225 items from each selected village is canvassed for collection of prices every month.
National CPI
            CSO will also compile national CPI by merging CPI (Rural) and CPI (Urban) with appropriate weights, as derived from NSS 61st round of Consumer Expenditure Survey (2004-05) data.
Weighting diagrams
            The share (weight) of the Food, beverages and tobacco group in the all India CPI (Rural) is 59.31% and it is 37.15% in the all India CPI (Urban). Fuel and light group has a weight of 10.42% in CPI (Rural) and 8.40% in CPI (Urban). Clothing, bedding and footwear group has weight of 5.36% in CPI (Rural) and the weightage of 3.91% in           CPI (Urban). Housing group has not been given any weightage in the rural areas CPI as its share is around 1% and it has been distributed to other groups on pro rata basis. CPI (Urban) has a weightage of 22.53% in respect of Housing group. The Miscellaneous Group consisting of education, medical care, transport and communication etc has 24.91% weight in the all India CPI (Rural) and the corresponding weight in the all India CPI (Urban) is 28%. All India weights of new series of CPI numbers at sub-group and group levels are given in Annex.
Release of indices
            Index numbers for both rural and urban areas and also combined for the month of January, 2011 will be released on 18th February, 2011. It is proposed to release provisional indices for a period of one year. Indices for States/UT will be released only if adequate number of schedules is received at the time of compilation of index. These provisional numbers will be subsequently revised and final numbers with complete data for all-India and also for all the States/UTs would be released with a time lag of two months. It is expected that data reporting will be considerably improved and there may not be any need to bring out separate provisional numbers after December, 2011. Indices for January, 2012 onwards along with annual inflation rates are likely to be released with a time lag of one month.
Revision of indices
            These new CPI numbers would be revised on the basis of the results of the next round of Consumer Expenditure Survey scheduled to be conducted during 2011-12 by the NSSO. Thereafter, revision will be undertaken every five years or so (whenever large scale Consumer Expenditure Survey data become available).
****


Annex
New series of CPI-- All India weights





Sub group/group
Rural
Urban
Combined    (Rural+Urban)
Cereals and products
19.08
8.73
14.59
Pulses and products
3.25
1.87
2.65
Milk and milk products
8.59
6.61
7.73
Oils and fats
4.67
2.89
3.90
Egg, fish and meat
3.38
2.26
2.89
Vegetables
6.57
3.96
5.44
Fruits
1.90
1.88
1.89
Sugar etc
2.41
1.26
1.91
Condiments and spices
2.13
1.16
1.71
Non- alcoholic beverages
2.04
2.02
2.03
Prepared meals etc
2.57
3.17
2.83
Pan, tobacco  and Intoxicants
2.73
1.35
2.13
Food, beverages and tobacco
59.31
37.15
49.71




Fuel and light
10.42
8.40
9.49




Clothing and bedding
4.60
3.34
4.05
Footwear
0.77
0.57
0.68

Clothing, bedding and footwear
5.36
3.91
4.73




Housing

22.53
9.77




Education
2.71
4.18
3.35
Medical care
6.72
4.34
5.69
Recreation and amusement
1.00
1.99
1.43
Transport and communication
5.83
9.84
7.57
Personal care and  effects
3.05
2.74
2.92
Household requisites
4.48
3.92
4.30
Others
1.12
0.99
1.06
Miscellaneous
24.91
28.00
26.31




All Groups
100.00
100.00
100.00